Clarifying the disagreement among exegetes regarding the number of those who participated in the Battle of Badr.

Historians and exegetes agree that the number of Companions who participated in the Battle of Badr was three hundred and a few (bid') men. Narrations differed in specifying the exact number within "a few," ranging between thirteen and nineteen. Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar reconciled these narrations, explaining that those who directly engaged in combat were three hundred and six men, and that the difference was semantic. Those who did not participate in the fighting had a valid excuse, such as missions assigned to them by the Messenger or due to their young age, and all of them shared in the reward and the spoils.