Given the current security situation in Iraq, is going to the mosque considered throwing oneself into destruction? And is one rewarded for that? And is it obligatory to obey one's parents by staying home and praying there, or by going to the mosque?

Congregational prayer is permissible in the mosque, at home, or elsewhere, and it is not obligatory to perform it in the mosque. It is permissible for whoever fears for their life or property to skip it. It is, however, recommended to pray in the mosque even if there is a strong presumption of exposure to harm, and this is not considered casting oneself into destruction. As for being prevented by family, if the one preventing is one or both parents, then one must obey them in not going to the mosque as long as the matter is recommended and involves fear, because obedience to parents is obligatory in matters that are not sinful.