Is there no clear punishment or prescribed legal limit (hadd) for a man's failure to lower his gaze, given that a woman's abandonment of the hijab—even if she maintains her chastity—causes significant societal discord?

To Allah Almighty belongs profound wisdom in all that He legislates and decrees. Hijab is an obligation upon the Muslim woman to protect society from temptation (fitna) and to avert harm from the woman. Allah Almighty says: "O Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to draw over themselves their outer garments. That is more suitable that they will be known and not be abused." Although Islamic law has not set a specific punishment for casting gazes or for a woman's immodest display (tabarruj), the Muslim ruler may impose a discretionary punishment (ta'zir) on one who casts gazes upon women or harasses them, as well as on the immodestly adorned woman. This ta'zir is a punishment for every sin for which there is no prescribed legal punishment (hadd) and no expiation (kaffara). It is incorrect to say that hijab is insufficient against the gazes of men, because equating the veiled woman with the immodestly adorned woman is not wise. For the veiled woman, only a sick-hearted person would prolong their gaze at her, whereas the immodestly adorned woman may be a cause of temptation for everyone.