How can one overcome the negative thoughts that afflict a person during adversity, which suggest that Allah does not love him or that he is the cause of the calamity, despite his knowledge that tribulation is a test or a purification from sins?

This world is a place of trial and tribulation. The believer is certain that whatever afflictions befall him in it are good for him and raise his ranks with Allah, as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "No fatigue, nor disease, nor sorrow, nor sadness, nor hurt, nor distress befalls a Muslim, even if it were the prick of a thorn, but Allah expiates some of his sins thereby." And he said: "Wondrous is the affair of the believer, for there is good in every matter of his, and this is not the case for anyone except the believer. If prosperity befalls him, he is grateful and that is good for him; and if adversity befalls him, he is patient and that is good for him."

Therefore, one must dispel corrupt thoughts and strengthen faith through the remembrance of Allah and trust in Him, observe the obligatory duties, increase acts of obedience, and look to those who are less fortunate to counter negative feelings.