Back to search

Is inspiration a source of legal rulings for some Hanbalis and Hanafis, and how is it known to be from Allah or the angels, and is there any evidence for that?

1 min readAlso available in العربية

The majority of scholars hold that inspiration (ilham) is neither a proof nor a source of legislation. This is explicitly stated in the books of legal principles (usul) across the four madhhabs. The Hanafis have even rejected the testimony of anyone who believes in it as such. Some scholars are of the view that inspiration is only considered when there is an absence of Sharia evidence or when the evidence is equally balanced, and in such a case, it is acted upon by the individual for themselves and does not serve as proof for others. As for true inspiration, it does not contradict Sharia evidence and is not taken as a proof for the actions of the general public. The distinction between divine inspiration and satanic whispering is made by adherence to the Sharia.

Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026

Read the full answer on Ftawy