Is there anything, such as a fine, a penalty, or a sin, required of me after my car accidentally collided with a municipal trash bin?

The reference for determining responsibility for an accident is the report of the traffic authority. If it declares you innocent, then nothing is required of you. If it attributes any fault to you, then you are obliged to compensate for what you damaged, proportional to your degree of fault. The basic principle is that the driver bears the consequences of the accident unless it occurred without transgression or negligence on their part. The driver is exempted from responsibility if the accident was the result of a force majeure, or due to the action of the injured party, or due to the error or transgression of a third party. If the driver and the injured party collaborated in causing the damage, then both bear the responsibility. The direct perpetrator is liable even if they were not transgressing, while the indirect cause is not liable unless they were transgressing or negligent. If a direct perpetrator and an indirect cause converge, the responsibility falls on the direct perpetrator, unless the indirect cause was transgressing and the direct perpetrator was not. If two influencing causes converge in the damage, then responsibility falls on each cause according to its proportion of influence.