How can one learn prayer and ablution, and how to pronounce the intention, and what are the obligatory and recommended sayings therein, and what are the obligatory and recommended glorifications after prayer?

The sayings in prayer are divided into two categories: 1. Pillars that are indispensable: Such as the opening takbir (Allahu Akbar), reciting Al-Fatiha, the first taslim (salutation), the final tashahhud (testimony of faith), and offering prayers upon the Prophet therein according to some scholars. 2. Sunnah acts that are compensated by the prostration of forgetfulness (sujood as-sahw): Such as the takbirs for transitioning between positions, saying "Sami' Allahu liman hamidah" (Allah hears those who praise Him), "Rabbana walakal-hamd" (Our Lord, and to You belongs all praise), glorifying Allah in bowing and prostrating, saying "Rabbighfir li" (My Lord, forgive me) between the two prostrations, and the first tashahhud.

As for the sayings related to ablution (wudu): Saying "Bismillah" at the beginning is a sunnah according to the majority. The prescribed supplication after ablution. Uttering the intention verbally is not legislated, according to the most preponderant opinion.

And the prescribed adhkar (remembrances) after the obligatory prayer are sunnah and not obligatory.