What are the consequences of delaying Zakat for years, and what is its expiation? Is it permissible to give it to a charity organization that provides assistance? Is it permissible to give it to a deserving person without informing them that it is Zakat, or without the giver being known?

Firstly: Delaying the disbursement of Zakat without a valid excuse incurs sin, and its expiation is sincere repentance by immediately disbursing the Zakat, regretting the delay, and resolving not to repeat it.

Secondly: It is preferable for the Zakat payer to distribute the Zakat themselves to ensure it reaches its rightful recipients. It is permissible to appoint a trustworthy person as an agent.

Thirdly: There are eight categories of Zakat recipients. It should not be given to the sick or the orphan merely because of their illness or orphanhood, as they might be wealthy.

Fourthly: The principle is that Zakat on wealth should be disbursed in cash. It is not permissible to disburse it as food instead of cash, unless there is a benefit and advantage for the poor in doing so. Generally, disbursing it in cash is better.

Fifthly: It is permissible to give Zakat to its rightful recipient without informing them who the Zakat payer is or that it is Zakat, except for someone who is known not to accept Zakat.