Is it permissible for one who is in a state of ritual impurity (junub) to recite the Qur’an without touching it, and what is the correct opinion regarding this, along with mentioning the differing views and their evidences?

The four Imams and other jurists have unanimously agreed on the prohibition of a ritually impure person (junub) reciting the Quran, even if they do not touch the Mushaf. This view has been supported by a number of Companions, such as Umar, Ali, Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn Umar, and Salman al-Farisi, may Allah be pleased with them. This view is considered the established and well-known position among scholars. As for the hadith of Ali ibn Abi Talib, which is used to support the prohibition, scholars have disputed its authenticity, and most hadith scholars deem it weak, though some scholars have authenticated or graded it as fair (hasan). Some also believe that the hadith does not explicitly indicate prohibition.

On the other hand, some scholars have permitted the recitation of the Quran for a ritually impure person, citing the hadith of Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her: "The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, used to remember Allah at all times." However, the majority of scholars believe that this hadith does not include the recitation of the Quran. As for what is attributed to Ibn Abbas regarding permissibility, it is restricted to reciting one or two verses or reciting daily supplications (wird), and not an absolute permissibility.