Is taking a loan of 124,0 Saudi riyals from an Islamic bank, with 2,0 riyals deducted as fees and an increase of 12,0 riyals over the basic salary, after the bank purchases a commodity and I take ownership of it, permissible or impermissible?

If the bank purchases a commodity and sells it to you on a Murabahah (cost-plus profit) basis, and you take possession of it and then sell it yourself, there is no harm in that. However, if you do not take possession of it and authorize the bank to sell it on your behalf, this is prohibited and is called organized Tawarruq (monetization) by banks. You must take possession of the commodity before selling it yourself or through an agent other than the bank. In the case of shares, they must be deposited into your portfolio before you sell them. If the transaction was conducted in the prohibited manner and you received the money, contact the bank. If it is possible to annul the second sale, that must be done, and then you sell the commodity yourself. If it is not possible to annul the sale, you may utilize the money, along along with repentance.