1- What is the ruling on my mother entering Mecca without ihram to perform Hajj and Umrah? 2- Is it permissible to consider my mother among the people of Mecca if she stays there for four days or if 21 prayers pass while she is there, and thus the ruling on ihram for the people of Mecca applies to her? 3- What is the ruling on the Umrahs my mother performed after entering Mecca without ihram, if she did so more than once?

If the mother came to Mecca intending to perform the rituals and passed the Miqat without consecrating herself in ihram, then she must return to the Miqat and consecrate herself in ihram from there to be safe from the obligation of offering a sacrifice (dam). If she does not return and consecrates herself in ihram from Mecca, then a sacrifice becomes obligatory upon her for passing the Miqat without ihram. Her Umrahs that she performed are valid if she consecrated herself in ihram for them from outside the Haram boundaries. However, if she consecrated herself in ihram for them from within the Haram boundaries, then a sacrifice is due upon her. If she performed Umrah after the beginning of Shawwal and intends to perform Hajj in the same year, then the Hady al-Tamattu' (sacrifice for Tamattu' Hajj) becomes obligatory upon her. If she intends to reside in Mecca for four days or more, then she is considered like the people of Mecca in forsaking the concessions of travel (such as shortening the four-rak'ah prayers). As for the waiver of Hady al-Tamattu', it is specific to those permanently residing in Mecca, not merely those staying there temporarily.