How can the revelation of the verse "Those who believe and do not mix their faith with injustice" be reconciled, according to Bukhari's narration (3428), with the verse "Indeed, polytheism is a great injustice," given that the latter implies its revelation before the former, as suggested by the Prophet’s saying, "Have you not heard what Luqman said to his son while advising him: 'O my son, do not associate partners with Allah. Indeed, polytheism is a great injustice'"?

The two narrations of a single hadith in Bukhari and Muslim: one in Bukhari states that when the verse, {Those who have believed and do not mix their belief with injustice} was revealed, the Companions asked, "Which of us has not wronged his faith?" Then the verse, {Do not associate anything with Allah. Indeed, association [with Him] is great injustice} was revealed.

Ibn Hajar removed the ambiguity by explaining that the Prophet ﷺ clarified to them that the intended meaning of injustice (ظلم) was polytheism (shirk), citing Luqman's saying, which indicates that the verse of Luqman was known to them. Ibn Ashour is of the view that the narrator's statement, "Then the verse, {Do not associate anything with Allah} was revealed," was a lapse on his part.