What should I do in congregational prayer after discovering the exit of urine drops after urinating, and should I pray alone as a precaution, and should the fatwas of some scholars that rely on the words of Ibn Taymiyyah regarding this issue be reconsidered, especially with modern medical developments that prove this phenomenon is natural for many men?

May Allah reward you for your eagerness to do good. However, what you mentioned about doctors is not accepted, and the general public is certain that this does not happen to them. Muslims perform istinja’ (washing after relieving oneself) and wudu’ (ablution) normally. This is called tanattu’ (excessive rigor). It becomes clear that our answer to someone who asks about the non-necessity of searching or inspecting is based on the fundamental principle and the overarching rule established in Sharia: that certainty is not removed by doubt.

As for someone who is certain of urine droplets coming out, they must repeat istinja’. If this is continuous, then their ruling is the same as that of a person with incontinence (sils). Spraying water (nadh) to ward off waswasa (obsessive whispering) is good and recommended; it is not self-deception. What you are thinking of, regarding abandoning congregational prayer, is purely from waswasa.

As for Ibn Taymiyyah’s statement that squeezing and flicking is recommended, this applies to someone who knows that urine will not stop except by doing so. It is proper for one who has performed istinja’ with water to spray their private parts and trousers to cut off waswasa. Do not assume that anything has come out of you except with absolute certainty, because the default assumption is that it has not.