What is the ruling on the prayers of one who presumed madhy (pre-seminal fluid) to be urine and sufficed with sprinkling water on the tip of the penis and changing clothes after its emission, and what must he make up for in terms of past prayers?

Al-madhy (pre-seminal fluid) is impure and invalidates ablution (wudu). To purify the male organ from it, it is sufficient to wash only the affected area, not the entire organ. As for purifying clothes from it, its method has been previously explained. If you wash the area of the male organ affected by al-madhy, this is sufficient; however, merely sprinkling water is not enough. If you prayed with the impurity of al-madhy while unaware of it, you are not required to repeat past prayers.