How can the state provide salaries for employees and build infrastructure and public facilities if the disbursement of Zakat is restricted to only eight categories?

The disbursements of Zakat are restricted to eight categories mentioned in the Holy Quran. As for the revenues of the Muslim treasury (Bayt al-Mal), they are diverse, including: Zakat of all types, one-fifth of war spoils (Ghanā'im), one-fifth of minerals and buried treasures (Rikāz), Fay' (which includes various forms such as land tax (Kharāj), jizya, tithes from Dhimmis and belligerent traders), wealth of apostates and Dhimmis who have no heirs, conquered lands, revenues from Bayt al-Mal lands, gifts, donations, and bequests, presents given to rulers, judges, and workers, taxes, lost money with no owner, inheritances of those with no heirs, and fines and confiscations.

In the modern era, natural resources such as oil and gas are added to these, as well as what the state collects in exchange for projects and services provided to citizens.