What is the ruling on one who reviles Allah or disbelieves under compulsion? Is he considered a disbeliever?

Scholars have unanimously agreed on accepting the duress of one who utters a word of disbelief while their heart is content with faith, and that their action is not considered disbelief. They also unanimously agree that dissimulation (taqiyyah) applies to words. As for duress concerning acts of disbelief, scholars have differed on its acceptance: some have permitted dissimulation in such cases, while others have prohibited it. Scholars have also differed on the definition of duress: some believe it is realized by threats, imprisonment, or beating, while others hold that it is only realized by the fear of death. However, patience in enduring harm for the sake of Allah carries a greater reward than choosing the concession.