Did the Prophet (peace be upon him) sleep through the Asr prayer, then Allah commanded the sun to return so that he could pray it?

The authentic narrations do not state that the Prophet, peace be upon him, slept through the Asr prayer and supplicated to his Lord for the sun to be returned. Rather, what is firmly established in the Sahihayn is that he was preoccupied from the Asr prayer on the Day of the Trench until the sun set. He then prayed it after sunset, followed by the Maghrib prayer.

As for the story of the sun being returned for Ali ibn Abi Talib after he missed the Asr prayer because the Prophet, peace be upon him, was sleeping on his lap, it is very weak and denounced. It is not found in the relied-upon books of Hadith. It has been established from the Prophet, peace be upon him, that the sun was not held back for anyone except for Joshua son of Nun, peace be upon him.