Is the statement of some contemporary exegetes that the prostration of the angels to Adam and Iblis’s refusal and his whispering is a narration to illustrate the meaning of Iblis’s disobedience and rebellion against the command correct?

It is incorrect to say that someone other than Iblis refused to prostrate to Adam. God informed the angels of His creation of human beings and commanded them to prostrate to him in honor and obedience to His command. They all prostrated except Iblis, who was arrogant. This is what the Quranic verses confirm, such as His saying, the Almighty: "So the angels prostrated themselves, all of them together, Except Iblis; he was arrogant," and His saying: "And [mention] when We said to the angels, 'Prostrate to Adam,' so they prostrated, except for Iblis."