Does anything take effect if the husband jokingly says to his wife, "It's forbidden for you, don't you have plastic siblings?" or "Shame on you," when she invites him for intercourse?

The questioner is not bound by anything he said to his wife, as his words do not constitute a divorce (talaq (definition)) or an imprecation (ẓihār) due to the absence of an explicit utterance or an intention to effect either of them. Imprecation (ẓihār) is similar to divorce (talaq) in requiring an explicit utterance or intention. Furthermore, the possibility of an oath of abstinence (īlāʾ) is remote here, as it involves swearing to abstain from intercourse for more than four months. It is advisable to avoid such words in the future, with the reminder that sexual intercourse is a right of the wife, to be fulfilled according to her need and the husband's capacity.