What is incumbent upon one who has missed days of Ramadan due to the continuation of her menstrual period beyond its usual duration or due to fatigue, and wishes to make them up?
Whoever has make-up days from to observe must make them up during the eleven months between the two Ramadans. It is not permissible to delay them without a legitimate excuse.
If they are delayed until a second Ramadan, then if the delay was due to a legitimate excuse, such as illness, one is only required to make up the days whenever able. However, if the delay was without a legitimate excuse, then in addition to making up the days, an expiation () is required for each day, which is a mudd of food given to a needy person.
The continuous menstrual period (bleeding) for a month or more is not considered an excuse that alone prevents fasting, because that would make the woman mustahaadah (experiencing prolonged non-menstrual bleeding), and a mustahaadah can fast.
Therefore, if the only excuse for the delay was the continuation of the period, then one must make up the days and pay the expiation. However, if there was another reason, such as a continuous illness or severe fatigue, then one is only required to make up the days.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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