What is the obligatory distance between a female doctor and her male superior at work, and what is the ruling on her silence regarding his unnecessary joking with other women and their backbiting of another colleague, and what is the ruling on her laughing in his presence, and what is her religious duty towards a patient who consumes alcohol?

The impermissible mixing (ikhtilat) is that in which there is no distinction between men and women, leading to physical contact or temptation (fitna). There is no specific distance for this; rather, the requirement is distinction. A woman's laughing with non-mahram (definition) men is reprehensible (munkar) if it leads to temptation. Enjoining good and forbidding evil (munkar) is a communal obligation (fard kifaya), and it may become an individual obligation (fard ayn). The young should forbid evil upon the old, and the old upon the young, with wisdom. There is no harm in giving medicine to an addict while alerting him to the organic harms of alcohol. It is more complete to explain to him the religious obligation to abstain from it and the danger of persisting in its consumption, so that his abandonment of it is for the sake of Allah.