What is the ruling on a young man residing in Germany whose school administration prevents him from attending Friday prayers sometimes, and threatens him with expulsion if he insists, given that there is no alternative school? Should he prioritize his studies over Friday prayers sometimes, or should he abandon his studies and rely on Allah?

If you will suffer severe harm, such as expulsion from school and there being no other school to continue your studies, while also considering attending Friday prayer, then you may have an excuse for missing Jumu'ah. However, if you can enroll in another school that allows you to maintain Jumu'ah prayer, then you must transfer to it. And if you are excused from attending Jumu'ah, then strive to perform it as much as possible, and what you are unable to do is waived for you.