Is expiation or making up for the fast required of someone who masturbated during Ramadan out of ignorance that it breaks the fast and that ghusl is not required, along with her not knowing that inserting a finger is the masturbation she reads about? And is she required to make up the prayers in which she did not focus on washing behind her ears?

Masturbation is forbidden, invalidates the fast, and necessitates ghusl (definition) (ritual bath) for janabah (definition) (state of ritual impurity due to sexual discharge) upon ejaculation. If ejaculation occurs due to it, ghusl is obligatory, and missed prayers must be made up according to the majority of scholars. However, according to Ibn Taymiyyah, there is no need to make them up. As for fasting, if there was genuine ignorance regarding its invalidation by masturbation, then the fast is valid, and you do not need to make it up. Doubts about not washing behind the ear after ghusl do not affect its validity, and one should beware of obsessive whispers (waswas).