How does a woman perform ablution (wudu') if she has undergone surgery on her wrist and is prohibited from exposing the surgical site to water until the wound heals? Is she required to wipe over the bandage, or perform tayammum after wudu'? What is the ruling in the Hanafi school of thought, and is she obligated to repeat the prayers after her hand heals?

The Hanafi school of thought holds that it is sufficient to perform ablution (wudu') and wipe over the bandaged limb, and that the ablution is valid even if the wiping is omitted. They do not legislate combining wudu' and tayammum (definition) (dry ablution) because combining a substitute with what it replaces has no parallel in Islamic law. Abu Hanifa holds that wiping over splints is permissible but not obligatory, unlike the view of Abu Yusuf and Muhammad ibn al-Hasan (definition), who cite the hadith (definition) of Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) as evidence. Abu Hanifa believes that wiping is a substitute for washing, and that it is not obligatory to wash what is under the bandage if it becomes exposed. He also holds that the report from Ali does not necessitate obligation because it is a solitary narration (khabar ahad). According to this school, there is no need to repeat the prayers after recovery, even if the wound was not wiped over.