What is the science concerned with correcting Hadith narrations and explaining their meanings, and what are the specializations within the sciences of the Noble Hadith?

Obeying the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, after his death means responding to his commands and prohibitions that are established in the authentic Sunnah (definition). Muslim scholars have meticulously distinguished between authentic and weak hadith (definition). A hadith is: anything attributed to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, whether it be a saying, an action, an approval, or a physical or moral description. The science of hadith has been divided into two sections: 'Ilm al-Hadith Riwayah (the science of hadith narration), which investigates the authenticity of the hadith and the conditions of its narrators; and 'Ilm al-Hadith Dirayah (the science of hadith comprehension), which examines the meaning of the hadith and what can be deduced from it. To study hadith, one must follow two paths: First: Studying the sciences of hadith narration, such as hadith terminology, al-Jarh wa al-Ta'dil (discrediting and accrediting narrators), and 'Ilal al-Hadith (hidden defects in hadith), which requires receiving knowledge from a proficient scholar. Second: Studying 'Ilm al-Hadith Dirayah, which examines the meaning and concept of the hadith, and this requires studying linguistics and the principles of Islamic jurisprudence (Usul al-Fiqh).