Is it permissible to count the amount paid from the husband's personal debt for university expenses as Zakat for gold, or is this not permissible since the beneficiary of the loan is the daughter? And is it obligatory to make up for unpaid Zakat on gold?

Gold prepared for adornment is not subject to zakat (definition) according to the majority of scholars, whereas gold prepared for saving is subject to zakat. It is not permissible to count the repayment of the husband's debt from zakat retroactively, as the intention is a condition at the time of payment. It is permissible to pay zakat to settle the husband's debt if he is unable to repay it, and his debt was for a permissible matter. In this case, the payment is made to the husband to settle his debt, not to the daughter.