What is the significance of differentiating between Allah's Names and Attributes, and should this be taken into account during translation?
Scholars have distinguished between the names and attributes of Allah. A name indicates both the Essence and the attribute, whereas an attribute indicates only a meaning subsisting in the Essence. Every name indicates the Named, the affirmation of the name, and an additional attribute. For example, "Ar-Rahim" (The Most Merciful) indicates Allah's Essence characterized by mercy, so "Ar-Rahim" is a name, and "mercy" is an attribute. Thus, Allah's names encompass attributes. If an attribute is mentioned, it affirms Allah's characterization by it, but it does not imply the affirmation of a name. Ibn al-Qayyim said: "The names of the Lord, exalted be He, are names and descriptions indicating His perfect attributes." The Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta' stated: "Allah's names indicate His Essence and the perfect attributes subsisting in Him, such as 'Al-Alim' (The All-Knowing) and 'Al-Hakim' (The All-Wise). As for the attributes, they are perfect characteristics subsisting in the Essence, such as 'knowledge' and 'wisdom'." The name indicates two things, while the attribute indicates one thing. The name implies the attribute, and the attribute necessitates the name. It is obligatory to believe in everything that has been authentically established from both, in a manner befitting Allah, without resemblance.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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