How can one deal with the loss of patience and certainty after a severe tribulation, and is what happened a punishment or a trial?

Patience is restraining oneself from despair and discontent, restraining the limbs from showing despair, and restraining the tongue from complaint and objection. You will be patient if you achieve this, without showing discontent with Allah's decrees or objecting to His actions, knowing that what Allah has decreed is for profound wisdom, and that "No disaster strikes except by permission of Allah. And whoever believes in Allah - He will guide his heart." Praise Allah for what He has bestowed, ask Him of His bounty, and accustom yourself to being content with divine decree and destiny. For what has befallen you may be a trial to purify you, expiate your sins, raise your ranks, and a test to increase your faith. As for obsessive whispers, disregard them, strive against them, and do not succumb to them, for they will not harm you as long as you dislike them. Live your life normally, submitting to Allah's judgment, content with what He decrees and ordains, and knowing that wealth and family are trusts that must one day be returned.