What is the evidence for the permissibility of a woman uncovering her hair in front of men with whom marriage is permanently forbidden to her, taking into consideration that the verse regarding displaying adornment (ولا يبدين زينتهن إلا لبعولتهن أو آبائهن...) does not mention men with whom marriage is permanently forbidden?

First: A woman's mahram is someone whom she is permanently forbidden to marry due to kinship, suckling, or marriage. This has been indicated by the Quran and Sunnah.

Second: The awrah (nakedness) of a woman in front of her mahrams is her entire body except for what commonly appears, such as the face, hair, neck, arms, and feet. This is what Allah the Almighty permitted when He said: "And let them not expose their adornment except to their husbands, or their fathers, or their husbands' fathers, or their sons, or their husbands' sons, or their brothers, or their brothers' sons, or their sisters' sons, or their women." The term "adornment" here refers to the places where it is worn. However, it is forbidden to look with lust even at mahrams, and if fitnah (temptation) is feared, then looking is impermissible.

Third: The wives of the Prophet, peace be upon him, are mothers of the believers in terms of inviolability, respect, and honor, but not in terms of seclusion (khalwah) or mahram relationship. For this reason, they were commanded to observe hijab, and it was not permissible for anyone to be in seclusion with them except their close relatives.