What is the ruling on a long separation between two prayers combined as Jum’ Taqdim (combining and performing earlier) according to the four schools of thought? Do they agree with Ibn Taymiyyah regarding the permissibility of a long separation? Does Ibn Taymiyyah hold the view that a prior intention for combining is not a condition for Jum’ Taqdim? And is it obligatory to disclose the reason for combining to individuals who ask about it?

What you mentioned about the permissibility of combining prayers for one excused due to urinary incontinence is the madhhab of Imam Ahmad alone, and none of the other scholars permit combining prayers due to frequent urination. The four madhahib stipulate sequential performance (muwalat) and the intention to combine when performing jam' al-taqdim (combining and praying earlier), contrary to Ibn Taymiyyah, except for the Hanafis who do not permit combining prayers except at Arafat and Muzdalifah. Sequential performance is not stipulated for jam' al-ta'khir (combining and praying later) according to most scholars. Whoever intends to combine prayers at the time of the second prayer due to an excuse must intend to combine before the time of the first prayer becomes constricted. It is advisable to avoid combining prayers whenever possible, to avoid differing from the majority of scholars. However, if you have an excuse and follow the madhhab of Ahmad, there is no harm in combining prayers. You should clarify to people the rulings and conditions of legal combining of prayers and warn them against being lenient in this matter.