What is the ruling on naming a type of dessert "Qudrat Qadir" (The Power of the All-Powerful)? And what is the ruling on the statement of one who declares a person who uses this name to be an apostate? And is this statement considered an act of excommunication that expels one from the faith, especially after the speaker previously declared an apostate anyone who does not believe in the absolute infallibility of the Messenger, and then retracted that statement?

This question stems from obsessive doubts concerning issues of disbelief (kufr) and mockery. Merely naming a sweet "Qudrat Qadir" (The Power of the All-Powerful) does not warrant excommunication (takfir); because a created being can be described with ability (qudrah). If a statement can be interpreted as apostasy or otherwise, its utterer is not to be declared a disbeliever. It is impermissible to declare Muslims disbelievers except for scholars and judges, after fulfilling the conditions and removing impediments, and establishing proof. Declaring a Muslim a disbeliever without right is a grave matter, and the hadith regarding it is interpreted as minor disbelief (kufr asghar), not disbelief that expels one from the fold of Islam.