Is it obligatory to make up 300 consecutive days for 10 missed years of fasting, or is it permissible to separate them? Is expiation (kaffara) obligatory for someone who intentionally broke their fast or masturbated during Ramadan? What are the situations that necessitate making up the fast along with the expiation of feeding one poor person? Does the ruling differ for someone who engaged in sexual intercourse during the day in Ramadan out of ignorance? Is it permissible to pay the value of feeding 60 poor people instead of fasting 60 days as expiation? What is the value of this expiation in UAE Dirhams?

The answer addresses seven issues related to the jurisprudence of fasting:

1. Making up missed fasts (Qada'): It is not obligatory to make up missed fasts consecutively. It is permissible to make them up according to one's ability and capacity, but it is recommended to hasten in doing so.

2. Deliberate breaking of fast in Ramadan (definition) (other than intercourse): The dominant view is that expiation (kaffarah (definition)) is not obligatory, but it is a grave sin that requires repentance.

3. Masturbation in Ramadan: It is forbidden. If one engages in it and ejaculates, their fast is invalidated, and they must make up the fast and repent. According to the dominant view, expiation is not required.

4. Cases of Minor Expiation (Qada' with feeding a needy person): A pregnant or breastfeeding woman if they break their fast solely out of fear for their fetus/nursing child. One who owes missed fasts from Ramadan and has not made them up before the next Ramadan begins, despite being able to. An elderly person for whom fasting causes severe hardship.

5. Intercourse in Ramadan due to ignorance of the ruling: Whoever has intercourse while ignorant of the obligation of Qada' and Kaffarah, but aware of the prohibition of intercourse, must make up the fast and pay the expiation. As for one who is fundamentally ignorant of the religious ruling, such as a new convert to Islam, there is no Qada' or Kaffarah upon them.

6. Expiation for intercourse in Ramadan: According to the majority of scholars, it is in a specific order: freeing a slave; if unable, then fasting for two consecutive months; if unable, then feeding sixty needy persons. The Maliki school, however, holds that the expiation is elective, and feeding is preferable according to them.

7. Amount of Expiation in Feeding: Feeding sixty needy persons, with each needy person receiving one mudd (approximately 750 grams) of the staple food of the locality. It is obligatory to give the food itself, not its monetary value, except in cases where there is a need and benefit for the needy, according to some scholars.