Is an unintentional error in dispensing medication considered fraud, and what is the ruling on not informing the patient of the error after discovering it, especially if the alternative medication is harmless?

Error is forgivable in Islamic law, according to the Almighty's saying: "And there is no blame upon you for what you have erred in, but [there is blame for] what your hearts intended," and the Prophet's (PBUH) saying: "Indeed, Allah has pardoned for my nation mistakes, forgetfulness, and what they are coerced into."

So, if an error occurs in determining the dosage or type of medication, there is no sin upon the pharmacist, but he is obliged to correct the error immediately, refer to the patient's file, and contact him. If the error results in harm, the pharmacist is liable for it.

The pharmacist is responsible for dispensing medication according to the doctor's prescription, and it is not permissible for him to deviate from it. If he notices any error, even if minor, he must correct it immediately, as matters related to people's health and lives are serious and should not be taken lightly.