Is the deceased absolved of the debt he recorded in his personal notebook, in which he specified the names of the creditors, their addresses, and the amount of debt owed to each of them, if his father and brothers affirmed that they would repay it after his death, knowing that he did not instruct any of them to repay it?

The brother did well with his action, and it is incumbent upon a Muslim to write his will, detailing his rights and obligations. Recording debts does not absolve the deceased from them; rather, it serves as evidence of them. Debts are to be settled from the deceased's wealth before the distribution of the inheritance. If the deceased did not leave any wealth, then the heirs are not obligated to settle them, though it is commendable to do so. If the debt is not settled voluntarily, then the guardian must undertake to do so, because debt is a human right that is not forgiven, even if the deceased was a martyr.