Is it permissible to pray Dhuhr and Asr bowing (ruku') when unable to pray standing (qiyam) for fear of being seen by men?
Standing during prayer is a pillar that is not waived except in cases of inability. A woman being seen by non-mahram men while she is praying is not an excuse to abandon standing. It is more prudent to repeat the prayers that were performed sitting due to this excuse.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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