What is the ruling on working for an investment company that issues credit cards (Visa and MasterCard) and whose profits depend on exorbitant interest rates on overdue debts, and what should an employee do if the work is unlawful?

The interest that the company calculates on customer debts is forbidden usury (riba), and therefore it is not permissible to work there, because it is assisting in usury. Allah the Almighty says: (And cooperate in righteousness and piety, but do not cooperate in sin and aggression). It is obligatory to leave this job and search for another, unless you are compelled to stay because you cannot find food or clothing, in which case it is permissible to remain until you find another job.