What is the ruling on a man kissing his wife who has not yet exited the state of ihram, after he himself has exited it, and what blood is entailed by that, and how is it to be offered by those not from Makkah?

A husband kissing his wife while in a state of ihram has two scenarios:

1. With desire: This is forbidden, and it is one of the prohibitions of ihram, necessitating a blood sacrifice (dam). Allah Almighty says: ﴿فَلَا رَفَثَ﴾ (So there is to be no sexual intercourse). This includes acts that lead to intercourse, such as kissing and intimate touching with desire.

2. Without desire: This is permissible, and there is no harm in it. It does not invalidate the Hajj and does not necessitate a fidyah (expiatory offering). Examples include a farewell kiss, a kiss of mercy, or a kiss of greeting.