Is it permissible to rent a room to receive government unemployment benefits for the self-employed, knowing that the tenant lives with his family, the contract is real and not fictitious, he has no other source of income, he is elderly, in debt, and ill?

Grants and aid are only deserved upon fulfilling the conditions of the granting entity. If the condition for eligibility for aid is actual residence outside the family home, then deception to obtain it is not permissible. Needing money does not justify deception to obtain aid unjustly. Rather, one can reside in the room and obtain the grant without violating the conditions.