Does the husband's saying to his wife, "Every time you say you want a divorce, so rely on God," with the intention of anger only and without the intention of divorce, affect the marital bond, and is this utterance considered among the ambiguous phrases of divorce (kinayat al-talaq)?

Divorce occurs by the husband's explicit utterance, or by an allusive phrase accompanied by intention. The husband's statement to his wife, "Every time you say 'I want a divorce,' then rely on Allah," is not explicit in effecting a divorce, even though some use it as an allusive phrase for divorce. So, if the husband did not intend divorce by it, it does not occur.