What is the ruling on hashish and marijuana, what is the legal evidence for that, and what is the punishment for its perpetrator?

Hashish, in all its forms like marijuana, is forbidden. Al-Qarafi and Ibn Taymiyyah narrated a consensus on its prohibition. They cited as evidence what Ahmad and Abu Dawud reported in their Sunan with an authentic chain of narration from Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade every intoxicant and every substance that dulls the senses."

It has many religious and worldly harms, among them: it causes introspection, dries up moisture, leads to forgetfulness, causes headaches, impairs procreation, leads to sudden death, causes mental imbalance and corruption, leads to emaciation, tuberculosis, dropsy, corrupt thinking, revealing secrets, loss of modesty, excessive argumentation, and lack of chivalry.

Scholars have differed on three matters concerning hashish: its impurity, the prescribed punishment for its user, and the permissibility of consuming a small amount of it. Al-Qarafi held that it is not impure, there is no prescribed punishment for it, and consuming a small amount of it is permissible. He considered it among the substances that cause dullness, not intoxication. Ibn Taymiyyah held that it is impure and intoxicating, and consuming a small or large amount of it is forbidden. He believed that the prescribed punishment for alcohol should be applied to it, and he considered it impure like alcohol.