What is the ruling on working in legal affairs or human resources in a conventional insurance company, and what is the ruling on working in the same field but in an Islamic insurance company? Is there a difference between them?

The ruling on working in insurance companies depends on the type of insurance. Commercial insurance is forbidden by Islamic law due to the presence of gharar (excessive uncertainty), jahalah (ignorance), and riba (usury). Islamic Fiqh Academies have reached a consensus on its prohibition. As for cooperative insurance, which is based on donations and mutual support rather than exchanges and profit-making, it is permissible, though it is rarely found. Based on this, it is absolutely impermissible to work in commercial insurance companies. However, it is permissible to work in cooperative insurance companies if they are free from Islamic prohibitions, though this is rare and uncommon.