Is it permissible, Islamically, for a father to grant his minor children all or most of his property during his lifetime, without a will?

Scholars have differed on the ruling regarding favoring some children over others in gifts. A group of scholars held the view that it is not permissible and that equality is obligatory, citing the Prophet's (peace be upon him) statement to Bashir ibn Sa'd: "Indeed, I do not bear witness to injustice," and "Fear Allah and be just among your children." The majority of scholars, however, held the view that equality is recommended and that favoritism is valid, though disliked.

The opinion favoring the obligation of equality is more weighty, considering that favoritism is an injustice and invalid, and must be rectified, unless there is a legitimate reason for favoritism, such as a child's need (due to illness or a large family) or the immorality of another child.

Scholars also differed on the nature of equality: Some held that the male should receive a share equal to that of two females, while others held that equality between male and female is required. The latter view is more preponderant, based on the hadith: "Be equal among your children in giving, for if I were to prefer anyone, I would prefer women." Favoritism without a valid reason leads to discord and animosity among children.