Is the word "dunya" a comprehensive term for the universe, or something else, and what does "dunya" mean in the Hadith: "The lowest in rank among the people of Paradise will be given the dunya and ten times its like"?
"Dunya" is derived from "danuw," meaning closeness or proximity. It was named so because of its immediacy and the deferral of the Hereafter. "Dunya" refers to life before death, encompassing all the pleasures and experiences we see and live on Earth. Religious texts affirm this meaning; the hadith about the last person to enter Paradise illustrates that the lowest in rank among the people of Paradise will be given the like of this world and ten times its equivalent. The intended meaning here is the worldly possessions and dominion on Earth.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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