Is it permissible to punish the family if they refuse their daughter's marriage to a suitable person due to a difference in nationality, and is the daughter punished if she marries a righteous man despite her parents' refusal?
A woman's marriage is not valid without the permission of her guardian, as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Any woman who marries without the permission of her guardian, her marriage is void." If the guardian prevents her without a valid Sharia excuse, guardianship transfers to the next in line, and then to the ruler if all guardians refuse, for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "If they dispute, then the ruler is the guardian of whoever has no guardian." The most important conditions for a husband are religious commitment and good character, for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "If there comes to you one whose religious commitment and character you approve, then marry him. If you do not do so, there will be tribulation on earth and great corruption." So, if the suitor is competent, religious, and of good character, and the daughter desires him, it is obligatory for the father to marry her to him; otherwise, he is an oppressor (عاضل), and his guardianship is forfeited.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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