What is the ruling on a father disowning his child?

A father is not permitted to disown his child unless he is certain. Disowning him merely based on suspicion is an unlawful accusation (qadhf) and a major sin. It falls under the threat: "Any man who disowns [his child] while looking at him, Allah will veil Himself from him and disgrace him before the first and the last."

Similarly, a father is not permitted to abandon his child and ostracize him, for this is a severance of kinship ties (qati'at ar-rahim), which Allah has commanded to be maintained. If the severance is due to something done by the child, then the child must rectify his relationship with his father and not treat him in kind. Rather, he should maintain ties with him, visit him, honor him, and endure everything from him, and he will be rewarded for that.