Is emotional divorce permissible in this form when the wife is harmed by her husband's abuse and his burdening her with responsibilities, along with their disagreement and its impact on her psyche and her care for their children?

There is no such thing in Islamic law as "emotional divorce." Rather, there is living together with kindness (al-ma'asharah bil-ma'ruf) or releasing with grace (at-tasreeh bi-ihsan). If a husband does not provide for his wife adequately or does not treat her well, she should discuss it with him and explain his religious obligations. If an understanding is not reached, then wise individuals from his family, her family, or among the righteous should be appointed to mediate between them.