Is it obligatory for a woman to recite aloud in prayer, and which prayers does she recite aloud in, and which silently?
The audible prayers are: Fajr (Dawn), Maghrib (Sunset), and Isha (Night), while the silent prayers are: Dhuhr (Noon) and Asr (Afternoon). For a woman, raising her voice has two scenarios: The first is when she is praying alone, or in the presence of her mahrams (unmarriageable kin), or leading other women in prayer. In this case, both audibility and silence are Sunnah (prophetic tradition), and she is like a man, raising her voice such that she can hear herself and those immediately around her. The second scenario is when she is in the presence of non-mahram men. In this case, the majority of scholars disliked her raising her voice to prevent the temptation arising from her voice. The Malikis prohibited it if there was a fear of fitna (temptation), while a group of jurists permitted her raising her voice but prohibited the listener from finding pleasure in her voice. Those who disliked her raising her voice cited the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) saying: "Tasbeeh (glorification) is for men, and clapping is for women."
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