What is the ruling on one who dies from an abdominal disease? And what is the ruling on one who dies on a Friday? And does the presence of rain and lightning at the time of their death hold any significance? And what is the expiation for one who died without having fasted Ramadan due to illness?

"Al-Mabṭūn" refers to someone afflicted with an abdominal disease. As for one who dies on a Friday, Allah protects them from the trial of the grave, as mentioned in the Hadith. Regarding a woman who passed away without having fasted Ramadan due to illness, there is no expiation (kaffarah) upon her; rather, she is obliged to make up the fasts (qaḍāʾ) if she recovers and is able to do so. If she was unable to make them up until her death, then nothing is required of her.