What is the ruling on one who misses the Friday prayer and prays Dhuhr, claiming to be "not committed"?

If the conditions for the obligation of Friday prayer are met for five individuals, the prayer becomes binding upon them, and it is forbidden for them to abandon it under the pretext of not having a beard. Growing a beard is not a condition for the validity of Friday prayer.

However, if they are not permanent residents, such as oil field workers, they should pray Dhuhr, and Friday prayer is not obligatory upon them. But if they are permanent residents and there are no other Muslims besides them, scholars have differed on whether Friday prayer can be established with this number. The more correct opinion is that it can be established with three or more, based on the hadith: "There are no three people in a village where the Adhan is not called, and the prayer is not established among them, except that Satan overcomes them." This is the choice of Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah and Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen.

Therefore, Friday prayer is obligatory upon those five individuals if the conditions for its obligation are met, and it is not permissible for them to abandon it. One of them should lead them in prayer, and the Imamate of a clean-shaven man is sufficient.