Did the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, command whoever missed Friday prayer to pray Dhuhr in its stead, or is Friday prayer the prayer that one who missed it, whether with or without an excuse, should pray?

Whoever misses the Friday prayer, whether with an excuse or without one, and cannot catch it in another mosque, must pray the Dhuhr prayer instead. It is recommended to pray Dhuhr in congregation. If they have a clear excuse, there is no harm in performing the congregational prayer openly, but if their excuse is not evident, they should perform it discreetly.